Stand-level spatial dependence in an old-growth Jeffrey pine – mixed conifer forest, Sierra San Pedro Mártir, Mexico

نویسندگان

  • Danny L. Fry
  • Scott L. Stephens
چکیده

Descriptions of spatial patterns are important components of forest ecosystems, providing insights into functions and processes, yet basic spatial relationships between forest structures and fuels remain largely unexplored. We used standardized omnidirectional semivariance modeling to examine the spatial pattern of fuels and forest structure measured in a systematic nested plot grid covering 144 ha. Forest structure variables were spatially dependent at scales ranging from 62 to 572 m. Cross-variograms of fuels and forest structure showed both positive and negative correlations, ranging from 0.04 to 0.67. Notably, fine fuels were correlated positively and negatively with forest structure variables of white fir (Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.) and Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi Balf.), respectively. Old-growth Jeffrey pine – mixed conifer forest within the study area exhibited both identifiable spatial correlations and high stand-level spatial heterogeneity, as demonstrated by the influence of outliers on the underlying spatial pattern. The spatial dependency of fuels with species-specific variables suggests that less common species may have a large influence in the characterization of forest attributes and that fuel classifications may be improved by accounting for the spatial distributions of overstory species. Spatial correlations have many applications to forest management, including the classification and mapping of forest structure, establishing guidelines for fuel treatments, and restoration of old-growth forest ecosystems. Résumé : La description des patrons spatiaux est une composante importante des écosystèmes forestiers qui fournit un aperçu des fonctions et des processus. Par contre, les relations spatiales fondamentales entre les structures forestières et les combustibles demeurent largement inexplorées. Nous avons utilisé la modélisation de la semi-variance omnidirectionnelle standardisée pour examiner le patron spatial des combustibles et celui de la structure forestière, mesurés au moyen de placettes emboı̂tées disposées selon une grille systématique couvrant une superficie de 144 ha. Les variables de la structure forestière étaient spatialement dépendantes à des échelles allant de 62 à 572 m. Des variogrammes croisés des combustibles et de la structure forestière ont montré qu’il y avait des corrélations tant positives que négatives, allant de 0,04 à 0,67. Notamment, les combustibles légers étaient corrélés positivement avec les variables de la structure de la forêt de sapin argenté (Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.) et négativement avec celles de la forêt de pin de Jeffrey (Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.). Il y avait des corrélations spatiales identifiables et une forte hétérogénéité spatiale à l’échelle du peuplement, démontrées par l’influence des observations aberrantes sur le patron spatial sous-jacent, dans les forêts anciennes mélangées de conifères et de pin de Jeffrey présentes dans l’aire d’étude. La dépendance spatiale des combustibles avec des variables propres à chaque espèce indique que les espèces moins communes pourraient exercer une grande influence sur la caractérisation des attributs forestiers et que la classification des combustibles pourrait être améliorée en tenant compte de la distribution spatiale des espèces dominantes. Les corrélations spatiales ont plusieurs applications en aménagement forestier, incluant la classification et la cartographie de la structure forestière en vue d’élaborer des directives pour le traitement des combustibles et la restauration des écosystèmes de forêt ancienne. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2010